Coal-fired power plants emit large amounts of pollutants. Our study focused on the Turceni thermal power plant, which, while providing significant regional economic benefits through energy supply, also serves as a local source of pollution. Emissions of oxides and ash from the plant negatively impact the environment, public health, and the comfort of local communities. Our research was conducted along several key lines of investigation: residents' perception of pollution levels, the frequency of pollution-related complaints submitted to authorities, the number of individuals receiving financial compensation, the authorities' efforts to reduce pollution, and the intention of some residents to relocate due to pollution. Our findings confirmed the presence of significant pollution and highlighted the need for greater community involvement and awareness in environmental decision-making. Additionally, our study revealed the necessity for improved relations between local authorities and communities, particularly in the context of developing and implementing effective environmental policies.