We have researched theoretical framework to study land use conflicts in post-socialist countries that use an ecological approach. Our analysis is based on the latest experience of the two big East-European cities, Bucharest (Romania) and Chişinău (the Republic of Moldova), each of them having more or less similar communist past, but its own path to market economy and democratic society. The authors emphasize strong relationship of conflicting environment with land privatization reforms and environmental policies. They propose a conceptual framework for evolutionary analysis of the land-use conflicts in the post socialist period. The paper introduces the new concept of multi-scale land-use conflicts and provides a theoretical framework for conflict classification depending on the significance of the impact at micro-, medium- and macro-scale. Finally, applicability of this approach is exemplified on the Bucharest and Chişinău cities and their surrounding areas.